Skip to main content

Being Mortal - Atul Gawande ****

I heard recently that the local geriatric ward puts a photograph of the patient in his or her prime by each bed. The aim is to help staff to treat their patients as individuals, but it makes me uneasy. Do these people only matter because of what they were, not what they are? Because once they stood proud and handsome in their uniform, or looked lovely on their wedding day?

Professor Atul Gawande has the problem surgically excised and laid out for inspection in one of his unflinching but compassionate case studies:

‘What bothered Shelley was how little curiosity the staff members seemed to have about what Lou cared about in his life and what he had been forced to forfeit... They might have called the service they provided assisted living, but no-one seemed to think it was their job to actually assist him with living – to figure out how to sustain the connection and joys that most mattered to him.’

Gawande is an eminent surgeon. As a young resident he displayed little overt emotion when his patients died, but dreamt about finding their corpses in his bed. Since then he's toughened up but, with age and experience, begun to see how he and his colleagues fail to have the right conversations with patients, and how this leads directly to greater suffering.

Doctors hate to admit defeat, and the last thing patients want to hear is that nothing can be done. So there's another round of pointless chemotherapy, or a major and high-risk operation that might, at best, lead to a minor improvement. Among Gawande's most haunting stories are the patients who say they do not wish to end up living a half-life, “drugged to oblivion and tubed in most natural orifices as well as a few artificial ones”. But when the time comes to make the decision, either they or their loved ones cannot look death in the face; they demand that everything possible be done, and end up in exactly the state they most feared.

Gawande practises in the US, and I don't believe the worst excesses of the medical system would happen in the UK (God bless the NHS and its budgetary constraints). But many of us fear being trapped on the medical rollercoaster.

It's not just hospital-based, acute illness: Gawande diagnoses our whole approach to decline, disability, dementia and death as infected with the medical ethos, leaving people isolated and helpless. Health and safety are easy to measure, but how much worth people feel in being alive is not. Institutions focus on being efficient and, above all, safe: residents rise, wash, dress and eat to order. If they might fall they must use a wheelchair, even though that loss of mobility will certainly hasten their decline.

The child of Indian immigrants, Gawande has seen the old ways of old age, where elders were supplicated to, lived with their families and received support to live as they desired. When Gawande's grandfather was well past 100 he still wanted to ride around his fields each night; cue a family crisis meeting about the old man's safety? No, they just found him a smaller horse. But Gawande doesn't sentimentalise the intergenerational model, where carers were expected to sacrifice their own ambitions and family tensions simmered.

This engaging, humane book is best read calmly when we and our loved ones are in reasonable health. It made me reflect on the endings I've witnessed so far. Whether the journey from first symptoms to death took weeks or decades, it's easy to see in retrospect that we were staggering from crisis to crisis, doing our best but suffering from false hope and failing to plan for the inevitable downward spiral.

My mother tells me to put a pillow over her face, which indicates her general attitude but isn't really a plan. We need to start asking ourselves and each other the questions Gawande finally learnt to ask his patients: What are your biggest fears? What is most important to you? Which trade-offs are you willing to make - and which not?


Paperback:    
Kindle 
Using these links earns us commission at no cost to you
Review by Amanda Little

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Meet the Neighbors - Steven Benner *****

I love popular science books, but it's a quiet sort of love: it's not often a book like this gets me really excited - but Meet the Neighbours (sorry, I know it's Neighbors, but it grates) does just that.  Once upon a time there was quite a market in books speculating about life on Mars, but of late most Martian titles have focused on getting to and colonising Mars (though often avoiding the 'c' word). Steven Benner drags us back to see the evidence for life having existed there, and does so with a vengeance. (Almost literally - he really lays into those who are dismissive of what evidence there is.) Do we have proof? Well, no - but proofs are for mathematicians. As Benner says 'science does not deal in proof... Rather, it relies on a 'preponderance of evidence' standard to shift the burden of proof.' Benner points out the weird reality that since the Viking landers, which arrived in the 1970s, there hasn't been a mission looking for organic sig...

Data Empire - Roopika Risam ****

The central thesis presented by Roopika Risam is that information gives us (and particularly countries) the power to organise, control and dominate others. Although I have a couple of issues with the presentation, this is a genuinely interesting trip through the history of our use of stored information from the earliest tallies to the latest information technology. I loved a quote from Lisa Gitelman that data is is always 'cooked' so 'raw data is an oxymoron'. This neatly underlines Risam's thesis that data and information are not neutral facts, but rather tools that (like everything from fire to electronics) can be used for good or evil. As we are taken through the historical context, it can sometimes be a little difficult to judge whether Risam regards a particular example as bad or good, even when the outcome is disastrous. One thing I didn't like too much is the adherence to a popular science writing approach that has got distinctly hackneyed: opening chapte...

The Selfish Gene (50th anniversary edition) - Richard Dawkins ****

Remarkably for those who came across it in the early days, this classic of popular science writing is now 50 years old - and like many of us who reach a certain age it has become somewhat overweight: a reasonable sized paperback has morphed into a 500-page monster. Even so, we have to recognise the importance of the book, despite its message not being as clear as it once was. One major change is that Dawkins, with his God Delusion hat on, was once the hero of the provisional wing of the progressive movement, where now he has been pushed aside for daring to suggest that there are only two sexes. The other change, of course, is that the science has moved on and some of the genetics certainties of Dawkins' day have reached the scientific stage of 'it's more complicated than we thought.' In a couple of chapters that weren't in the original book and about 120 pages of discursive end notes and an epilogue, Dawkins attempts to clarify some scientific developments and to ...