Skip to main content

The Awakened Brain - Lisa Miller ****

Publishers are like sheep: once a couple of books on a topic do well they follow in droves, and at the time of writing, the flock is thundering down the path of human brain books. These really have got distinctly samey - but Lisa Miller does something entirely different with The Awakened Brain, which despite being very much on the familiar topic of a link between an everyday concept and mechanisms in the brain gives us two real innovations.

Firstly, this is a book, as the subtitle describes it, on the psychology of spirituality. Specifically, it describes how having a spiritual belief (religious or not) has a significant effect on the brain, particularly in the ability withstand or recover from depression - this, Miller (a professor of clinical psychology) points out is a hugely timely discovery when depression, and pharmacological treatment of it, seems to be significantly on the rise.

Secondly, this is as much a memoir as a science book - it contains significant details of Miller's personal and professional life, giving real insights into the way that scientific work is undertaken and is changing in what has been one of the softer sciences.

Part of the reason I like the book, I confess, is that it will almost certainly wind up the Dawkins brigade, for whom saying anything positive about religion is horrendous, doubly so when what's said has any kind of scientific basis. Miller initially gets considerable resistance to her research because of this attitude. But although many of her examples are benefits from religious spirituality, Miller does make it clear that exactly the same applies whether the approach is through a traditional religion or through the kind of spiritual feeling about connections with the universe that bears little connection to a traditional religious mindset. The fact seems to be that having a spiritual outlook, one of a connected universe, looking outwards instead of focusing purely on our individuality, is deeply beneficial to aspects of the functioning of the brain.

In a sense, what we're getting here has been evident for some time at a common sense level. The current me-centred culture, particularly strong in the US, is not good for you. We need to feel connected and to see what we do in a bigger picture than just 'What's in it for me?' But Miller does this from the viewpoint of someone trying to help psychiatric patients and finding conventional methods failing, and someone who has been able to use fMRI and more to give a clear picture of how these different approaches are influencing the brain.

To an extent, I'm giving this book four stars despite its flaws. Although I found Miller's description of her work with patients really useful, I felt there was too much about her and her family. The book can feel quite repetitive and I did find myself skip-reading quite a few pages to get to a point where it had something new to say. Also it did play the dreaded quantum-out-of-place card (mangling some quantum physics along the way), which would usually totally put me off, but I was prepared to forgive the book because the topic was so interesting.

Just to clarify that quantum physics moan, Miller uses a common ploy along the lines of 'quantum physics includes spooky action at a distance, so the importance of connections between people and such could be a kind of quantum thingy.' Using quantum theory this way is just about acceptable as a metaphor, but not to provide a mechanism. Unfortunately, though, the quantum physics itself is not well-handled. So, for example, the uncertainty principle is totally misunderstood, using Heisenberg's original incorrect assertion that the uncertainty (to quote Miller) 'is because you can't make an observation without perturbing the system you are measuring.' Bohr tore a strip off Heisenberg over this, resulting in a rapid change of heart - the uncertainty principle is nothing to do with the observer effect, it is a fundamental of quantum nature.

Although the quantum bit is brought back a couple of times in passing, thankfully it isn't necessary for any of the real science here, so I can (grumblingly) forgive it. Not a perfect book by any means, then, but a brain book I was happy to read because it was so different, and because the premise is genuinely engaging and one that needs far greater consideration in what remains a largely personal identity-focussed society.

Hardback: 
Bookshop.org

  

Kindle 
Using these links earns us commission at no cost to you
Review by Brian Clegg

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Math for English Majors - Ben Orlin *****

Ben Orlin makes the interesting observation that the majority of people give up on understanding maths at some point, from fractions or algebra all the way through to tensors. At that stage they either give up entirely or operate the maths mechanically without understanding what they are doing. In this light-hearted take, Orlin does a great job of taking on mathematical processes a step at a time, in part making parallels with the structure of language. Many popular maths books shy away from the actual mathematical representations, going instead for verbal approximations. Orlin doesn't do this, but makes use of those linguistic similes and different ways of looking at the processes involved to help understanding. He also includes self-admittedly awful (but entertaining) drawings and stories from his experience as a long-time maths teacher. To make those parallels, Orlin refers to numbers as nouns, operations as verbs (though he points out that there are some flaws in this simile) a

2040 (SF) - Pedro Domingos ****

This is in many ways an excellent SF satire - Pedro Domingos never forgets that part of his job as a fiction writer is to keep the reader engaged with the plot, and it's a fascinating one. There is one fly in the ointment in the form of a step into heavy-handed humour that takes away its believability - satire should push the boundaries but not become totally ludicrous. But because the rest of it is so good, I can forgive it. The setting is the 2040 US presidential election, where one of the candidates is an AI-powered robot. The AI is the important bit - the robot is just there to give it a more human presence. This is a timely idea in its own right, but it gives Domingos an opportunity not just to include some of the limits and possibilities of generative AI, but also to take a poke at the nature of Silicon Valley startups, and of IT mega-companies and their worryingly powerful (and potentially deranged) leaders. Domingos knows his stuff on AI as a professor of computer science w

Shannon Vallor - AI Mirror Interview

Shannon Vallor is the Baillie Gifford Professor in the Ethics of Data and Artificial Intelligence in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh, where she directs the Centre for Technomoral Futures in the Edinburgh Futures Institute. She is a Fellow of the Alan Turing Institute and former AI Ethicist at Google. She is the author of  Technology and the Virtues: A Philosophical Guide to a Future Worth Wanting (Oxford, 2016) Her latest book is The AI Mirror How to Reclaim Our Humanity in an Age of Machine Thinking . Why philosophy? I’m a philosopher because there’s no other area of research that investigates what our knowledge rests on, what justifies our beliefs, values, and choices, what legitimizes the power of the institutions and laws that govern us, what we owe to one another, and how we ought to live in order to flourish together. I have a hard time imagining more important questions to ask right now. Why this book? I’ve been writing about the ethics of artificial